What began as an experiment in political wisdom, public life, and citizenship-by-conversation centered in Virginia in the 18th century, in the 19th century migrated north to an intellectual center in Massachusetts. There the radical propositions of the Declaration of Independence and the compromise solutions of the Constitution were individuated and put to the test of individual conscience. In this Part II, we examine the transcendental wisdom of the 19th century American Renaissance by focusing on Ralph Waldo Emerson and Concord, Massachusetts.